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Effective nursing interventions for managing maternal grief and its family due to perinatal death
Introduction: Perinatal mourning is a consequence of perinatal loss; for them it is important that a humanized management is given, since, in some cases, mourning occurs silently. This care must be carried out both for the mother and her family. For them, the role of the nurse in the approach with comprehensive accompaniment and support is important. Objective: To determine qualities are the most effective nursing interventions for the management of perinatal grief for the mother and her family. Methodology: Narrative review through the search for research articles on perinatal grief and effective interventions for the management of perinatal grief. These searches were carried out by means of a peak question in which a specific population was selected, additional inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken into account according to the ProQuest, Dialnet, Google Scholar databases. Results: Finally, a total of 15 articles that answered the research question were selected, a series of effective nursing disorders for the mother and her family were identified, such as support groups, active listening by the staff, expression of feelings, implementation of rituals among others. Conclusions: From the nursing discipline, effective nursing interventions are implemented for the management of grief due to perinatal death, such as creating memories, emotional support, active listening, among others; but it is worth noting the need to include other disciplines that address perinatal grief, for this reason new guidelines and protocols must be generated for a multidisciplinary approach.
Copyright (c) 2026 Beatriz Alexandra Lobo Rincón, Darcy Tatiana Perdomo, Maria Andreina Pulido Montes, Adriana Paola Casadiegos Buitrago (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Characterization of older adults from a family doctor's office in Palma Soriano
Introduction: aging is an inherent biological phenomenon, defined by morphophysiological alterations stemming from cumulative deterioration. From a demographic perspective, it refers to a transformation in the age composition of the population. Globally, this phenomenon has acquired an accelerated growth rate, becoming a significant challenge that demands the design of specific strategies targeted at this population segment. Objective: to characterize the older adult population belonging to Family Doctor's Office No. 1 of the "Carlos Montalván" South Polyclinic in Palma Soriano, during the period March - June 2025. Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a population of 297 individuals over 60 years of age, of both sexes. The entire population was included. Data were collected in contingency tables. Results: males predominated (51,52 %), with the highest concentration in the 70-80 age group (42,76 %). 58,92 % were classified as ill (Group III), with Hypertension (HTA) (86,20 %) and Smoking (79,46 %) standing out as the main comorbidities. High multimorbidity was evident. Extended/expanded families (69,11 %) and functional families (72,06 %) predominated. Normal weight (44,78 %) co-occurred with male obesity (13,13 %) and female underweight (9,76 %). 93,27 % received full family support, but 81,14 % presented a risk of home accidents. Conclusions: the phenomenon of demographic aging is progressively intensifying. This reality makes it imperative to implement measures that enhance the well-being of older adults, while promoting preventive health initiatives and healthy habits specifically designed for this age group.
Copyright (c) 2025 Juan Leonardo Pacios Dorado, Miguel Enrique Barroso Fontanals, Raiza Fernández Sosa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Technology and conscious eating: a necessary convergence
Introduction: In recent years, society presented a growing interest in leading a healthy life, which boosted the development of technological tools focused on a balanced diet. In this context, conscious eating has positioned itself as an essential practice. Andrea A. Fernández (2022) defined it as the act of paying full attention to the moment of eating, moving away from strict diets and promoting sustainable habits. The Universidad Valle del Grijalva reinforced this vision by understanding the eating plan as a comprehensive, personalized approach oriented to lasting wellness. Development: To support these habits, the development of mobile applications using modern technologies was proposed. SwiftUI, Apple's framework, facilitated the creation of declarative and efficient interfaces. The MVVM architecture made it possible to better organize the code by separating the logic from the user interface, improving scalability. On the backend, Node.js enabled efficient handling of multiple simultaneous requests, while MongoDB offered flexibility in storing large volumes of unstructured data. In addition, analysis of existing applications revealed that many offered useful features such as product scanning or habit monitoring, but few managed to truly integrate a conscious, personalized approach. Conclusions: The analysis demonstrated that it was possible to unite advanced technology and mindful nutrition in an innovative solution. Opportunities were identified to design an application that would not only function as a monitoring tool, but also educate and motivate the user to adopt healthy habits, based on mindfulness and effective personalization.
Copyright (c) 2024 María Julieta Rabozzi Orelo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Introduction: post sepsis syndrome is an emerging entity, underrecognized in clinical practice and scarcely described in the literature. It is characterized by physical, cognitive, and psychological sequelae that affect the majority of survivors, with a negative impact on their quality of life and a significant increase in morbidity and mortality and healthcare costs. The objective of this review is to synthesize recent knowledge and evidence available regarding post sepsis syndrome. Method: a narrative review of articles published between 2000 and 2023 in PubMed, Sciencedirect, and LILACS was conducted. The MeSH terms "Sepsis," "Post ICU syndrome," and "Post sepsis syndrome" were used. A total of 221 articles were identified; 84 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed to describe the clinical and pathophysiological manifestations and impact of post sepsis syndrome. Development: the available evidence shows that sepsis survivors present persistent impairment in physical, cognitive, and psychological domains. The syndrome is associated with prolonged immune dysfunction, frequent rehospitalizations, decreased functional autonomy, and increased cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric risk. High mortality rates up to five years after the event and high socioeconomic costs have also been documented. No standardized follow-up protocols or uniform rehabilitation strategies were identified in the reviewed literature. Conclusions: post sepsis syndrome is an underestimated and underdiagnosed problem that represents a clinical and public health challenge. Large-scale studies are needed to define its true epidemiological burden and guide the implementation of multidisciplinary follow-up and rehabilitation programs to reduce its impact on patient survival and quality of life.
Copyright (c) 2025 Leydi Tatiana Pantoja-Santiago, María Cristina Florian Pérez, Mauricio Sánchez Cano, María del Pilar Marín Giraldo, Yarledy Sthefanny Ariza González, Alejandro Barco Sánchez, José Luis Olivera Ochoa, Jorge Eliécer Gaitán Sánchez, Laura Alejandra Gonzalez, Santiago Mora-Martinez, Gregorio Enrique Mora-Arbeláez, José Fernando Escobar Serna (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on licensed nursing professionals in southern Santa Fe
Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic has left long-term sequelae, known as residual or prolonged COVID-19, which affect multiple organ systems and mental health. Nursing staff, being on the front line of containment, constitute a particularly vulnerable population. However, there are few studies that comprehensively address this problem in nursing professionals in Argentina. Objective: to analyze the health problems reported by registered nurses in the southern province of Santa Fe and their possible link to residual COVID-19. Method: a cross-sectional study with a mixed approach was conducted during the second half of 2025. A validated survey was administered to 358 nurses, assessing variables of mental and physical health, risk perception, and contextual characteristics. The analysis included descriptive statistics and a contextualized qualitative approach. Results: a high prevalence of mental health problems was identified: 48,3 % reported chronic fatigue, 34,6 % reported distressing memories, and 32,7 % reported excessive worries, with low treatment rates (≤9,2 %). In terms of physical health, difficulty concentrating (36,8 %), acid reflux (21,7 %), and high blood pressure (13,6 %) stood out. Paradoxically, 70,1 % did not express fear of reinfection. The study population was predominantly female (83,5 %) and had a high prevalence of multiple jobs (37,2 %). Conclusions: nurses have a significant burden of physical and mental morbidity consistent with residual COVID-19, exacerbated by critical healthcare neglect and precarious working conditions. These findings call for the urgent development of specific public policies for surveillance, comprehensive care, and occupational protection for this group.
Copyright (c) 2025 Adrián Norberto de Paúl (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mindfulness and work-related stress among healthcare personnel in the emergency department of a hospital in Cajamarca
Objectives: To determine the relationship between mindfulness and work stress among health personnel in the Emergency Department of a hospital in Cajamarca in 2025. To assess the level of mindfulness and work stress, and to identify intervening variables that influence stress. Method: A quantitative study with an observational, cross-sectional, and correlational design with a sample of 77 healthcare staff participants. The "Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire" and the "Wolfgang Stress Inventory for Healthcare Professionals" were administered, with Cronbach's alpha indices of 0.829 and 0.912, respectively. Results: No significant relationship was found between mindfulness and work stress. A medium level of mindfulness predominated in 66.2% of respondents, and moderate stress in 63.6%. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between sex (p = 0.012) and employment status (p = 0.020) and work stress levels. Conclusions: Mindfulness was not significantly related to work stress in the Emergency Department of a hospital in Cajamarca, 2025. Sex and employment status were also identified as factors significantly associated with work stress among health personnel.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wilthon David Chuquilin Izquierdo , Segundo Bueno Ordoñez, Miriam Adelis Leyva Chávez, Mitzy Rose Minchán Zavaleta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Work-related stress and resilience among nursing staff at a hospital in Cajamarca - Perú
Objective: Determine the relationship between work stress and the resilience of nurses at a hospital in Cajamarca during the month of March 2025. To identify the levels of both variables and the personal factors that influence them. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational study, the sample of which was 115 nursing professionals selected through simple random probability sampling. The Nursing Stress Scale questionnaire (α=0.92) and the Wagnild and Young Resilience Questionnaire (α=0.905) were used. Results: The evaluated relationship yielded a value (RS=-0.083, p=0.379) and an association (p=0.816). 81.7% of respondents exhibited a low level of stress and 47% a high level of resilience. A significant relationship was found between gender and resilience (p=0.002), as well as between employment status (p=0.043) and educational level (p=0.029) and work stress. Conclusions: Work stress is not statistically significantly related to resilience among nursing staff at a hospital in Cajamarca in 2025. Gender is significantly associated with higher levels of resilience, while employment status and educational level are significantly associated with work stress.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ariana Isabel Llaja Ocas, Victoria Aricela Malca Valderrama, Luz Zarahi Monteza Coronado, Miriam Adelis Leyva Chávez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Transformation and Leadership in Rehabilitation Nursing: Driving Person-Centered Care from an Academic Perspective
Introduction: globally, one in three people need rehabilitation care throughout their lives, especially older people or people with chronic conditions. The WHO's Rehabilitation 2030 agenda reinforces rehabilitation as an essential component of universal health coverage, person-centered, integrated, evidence-informed and supported by transformational leadership. Objective: to analyze how teaching in rehabilitation nursing can contribute to promoting transformational leadership and transforming the provision of care towards a person-centered model. Method: theoretical-reflexive analysis. Results: Rehabilitation Nursing plays a strategic role in promoting empowerment, functional autonomy and the management of transitions throughout the life cycle. The person-centered model values individual needs, preferences and decisions, promoting a more inclusive and participatory care approach. Transformational leadership leverages improved safety, clinical innovation and positive experience, enhancing leadership and person-centered care. Academic training in rehabilitation nursing should integrate the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, person-centered metrics, leadership and translational research, promoting the inclusion of co-production with citizens and caregivers and aligning with the WHO's global agenda. Conclusions: Academic institutions are fundamental in training transformational leaders in Rehabilitation Nursing who are capable of making the transition to people-centered systems, measured by results that translate into gains in functionality, full participation and satisfaction with the care experience.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luís Sousa, Geyslane Albuquerque, Nelson Guerra, Sandy Severino, Fabiana Faleiros (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Impact of work-related stress on occupational health in nursing
Nursing staff played a fundamental role in the hospital setting, being an essential pillar of patient care. Karasek's demand-control theory explained that stress arose when high job demands were combined with low levels of control and little social support. This approach made it possible to understand how working conditions directly influenced the physical and psychological health of nursing staff. Development Work-related stress was defined as the body's response to demands that exceeded the worker's capabilities. This phenomenon was accompanied by physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms that affected their performance and quality of life. Stages such as alarm, resistance, and exhaustion were identified, leading to serious emotional and physical complications, while eustress was presented as a positive factor that stimulated motivation and creativity. However, distress predominated in scenarios of work overload, long shifts, and precarious wages. Physical, psychological, and social factors, such as long working hours, work-family conflicts, and lack of institutional support, increased the risk of stress-related illnesses. Conclusion The analysis showed that nursing staff were exposed to multiple stressors that compromised their overall well-being and professional performance. It was concluded that promoting a healthy work environment, strengthening autonomy in practice, and ensuring social support were essential strategies for reducing the effects of stress, improving the quality of care, and preserving occupational health.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ruth Elizabeth Calderón Landívar, Edison Ariel Zambrano López , Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Rehabilitation Nursing: A transformative perspective focused on the person, family, and community
Introduction: Rehabilitation Nursing requires a distinct and evolving body of knowledge that strengthens its scientific and professional identity. The practice of Rehabilitation Nurse Specialists must be grounded in theoretical frameworks that support critical, reflective, and individualized care, ensuring quality and intentionality in interventions. Objective: This theoretical-reflective article aims to analyze the intervention of Rehabilitation Nursing in the community, focusing on fundamental, person- and family-centered care that promotes adaptation to lived experiences. Development: The analysis is structured around three complementary theoretical references: the Fundamentals of Care Framework, the Person-Centred Nursing Framework, and the Roy Adaptation Model. The interrelation of these frameworks allows rehabilitation nurse specialists to adjust care continuously to contextual, personal, and organizational changes, fostering evidence-based, integrated, and individualized community care. The home environment is a privileged setting for person-centered Rehabilitation Nursing that enhances autonomy and well-being. Given the complexity of care and population aging, it is essential for Rehabilitation Nurse Specialists to critically reflect on their practice, anchoring interventions in theoretical frameworks to ensure differentiated, humanized, and high-quality care. This perspective reinforces the ontological identity of nursing, rooted in person and family centred care. Conclusions: Therefore, advancing Rehabilitation Nursing based on theoretical frameworks that correspond, in a comprehensive and individualized manner, to the real human responses of the population, contributing to improve quality of life, promote functional rehabilitation and independence among people receiving care.
Copyright (c) 2025 Beatriz Novo , Nelson Guerra, Luís Sousa, Sandy Severino (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Systematic review on occupational stress and its risk factors among nurses
Introduction: occupational stress is a major challenge in nursing, with implications for workforce well-being, patient safety, and health system resilience. Nurses face multidimensional stressors, including workload, shift work, and limited resources, which may vary across global and regional contexts. Objective: This systematic review aimed to synthesize recent evidence on the prevalence, determinants, and consequences of occupational stress among nurses, with attention to universal and context-specific risk factors. Method: Guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO, covering studies published between January 2015 and March 2024. Eligible studies included nurses working in hospital or healthcare settings and assessed occupational stress using validated tools. Data extraction and quality appraisal were performed independently by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Results: Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria, conducted across Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. Reported prevalence of occupational stress ranged from moderate to high. Common determinants included heavy workload, shift work, inadequate staffing, role ambiguity, limited managerial support, and workplace violence. The COVID-19 pandemic further intensified stress, driven by infection risk and inadequate protective equipment. Context-specific stressors included resource shortages in low- and middle-income countries and political instability in regions such as Jordan and Palestine. Consequences included burnout, emotional exhaustion, turnover intention, and adverse effects on patient safety and care quality. Conclusion: Occupational stress among nurses remains a significant global issue with critical personal and systemic consequences. Multilevel interventions—targeting organizational support, staffing, safe workplaces, and resilience-building—are urgently required, especially in resource-limited and conflict-affected settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yousef Jaradat, Obaida Mahareq, Salsabeel Ganazreh, Thabet Manasreh, Malak Shaban (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Healthy lifestyles and higher education: an analysis from Pender's theory
Introduction: The analysis of health promotion framed in Nola J. Pender's model showed that this approach conceived health as a dynamic process in which individuals assumed an active role in the construction of their wellbeing. In the case of university students, it was highlighted that the academic stage represented a decisive moment in the formation of healthy habits, since it allowed cementing behaviors that impacted their adult life. Development: Pender's model proposed that health behaviors were influenced by personal, social and environmental factors, including self-efficacy, perceived benefits and perceived barriers. This framework was relevant to understanding how youth coped with challenges such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, substance use, and inadequate sleep and stress management. It was also observed that the support of family, friends and the academic environment played a decisive role in the adoption of healthy practices. Universities, for their part, played a central role in implementing policies and programs that favored prevention, physical activity, balanced nutrition and education for self-care. Conclusions: It was concluded that health promotion in university students transcended simple disease prevention and was consolidated as a social and educational investment. Pender's model provided conceptual tools to design effective interventions that strengthened resilience, reduced risks and enhanced the construction of healthier academic communities.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ruth Elizabeth Calderón Landívar, Dennis Victoria García Loor, Erika Elizabeth Napa Castillo, Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Lifestyle of family members and students of the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Adventista del Ecuador, Santo Domingo, 2024.
The study was conducted with the aim of determining the level of lifestyle of the families and students of the Adventist Technological Institute of Ecuador, Santo Domingo, using the FANTASTIC TEST. The methodology used focused on determining the attitudes and practices regarding the lifestyle of students and their families. To do this, data was collected through surveys, the most relevant results revealed that most students and their families maintain healthy habits in terms of diet and physical activity, which suggests a solid basis for promoting health and well-being in the educational community. Regarding sociodemographic data, the majority of respondents are women, predominantly between 18-24 years and 35-44 years. Higher education is common among the participants and the Catholic religion is the most represented, in addition, the majority of respondents are at a medium socioeconomic level and consider their health status as good. In the results regarding lifestyle, it is highlighted that 32% consider it good and 59% catalog it as regular. However, 33.3% never attend social groups, 26.36% never check their weight, and 18% never attend medical appointments. In addition, 13% always feel tense or stressed, 8% feel upset or angry for no reason, and 7% always feel depressed or sad.
Level of work-related stress among nursing staff at theIESS General Hospital in Santo Domingo, 2024
Stress is defined as the set of physiological reactions that prepare the organism for action. This research aims to determine the level of occupational stress in the health personnel of the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS) of Santo Domingo, 2024. The study sampled 94 nursing personnel, including the administrative and operational areas, adopting a quantitative approach, with a descriptive scope and a non- experimental cross-sectional design. It used the Nurse Stress Scale (NSS) as an instrument, which evaluates the physical, psychological and social state of the nursing staff. The results of the research determined that the nursing staff presents a medium level of work stress, represented by 65% of the participants; with a significant impact on the psychological dimension. In addition, it was possible to affirm that work overload, rotating schedules, insufficient remuneration and pressure from supervisors and colleagues are the main causes of this phenomenon. Similarly, it was found that working night shifts is related to greater emotional fatigue and high rates of health problems; significantly affecting the physical and emotional well-being of nurses, resulting in physical and psychological wear and tear of workers. In addition, it highlighted the importance of social support and implementing strategies to improve the working conditions and well-being of the nursing staff, in order to improve the quality of care and retain qualified personnel in the hospital.
Perception of abandonment of older adults in different Gerontological Centers, Santo Domingo, 2024
The purpose of this research was to analyze the perception of abandonment in elderly inmates and outpatients of several gerontological centers in Santo Domingo during the year 2024. For this purpose, a quantitative approach was used with a non-experimental, descriptive and transversal design. The population was made up of elderly inmates and outpatients from different gerontological centers. Structured surveys were applied as a data collection instrument. The results revealed that elderly inmates perceive a higher degree of abandonment compared to outpatients. It was identified that inmates mostly come from families with low economic resources and receive fewer visits and family support. On an emotional level, they expressed feelings of sadness and isolation, while outpatients, although they also expressed loneliness, reported greater social support. Regarding the support received, inmates depend mainly on the care provided by the center staff, while outpatients obtain greater support from their relatives. In conclusion, the perception of abandonment in older adults varies according to their status as inpatient or outpatient, including factors such as contact with family, emotional support and care received. It is recommended to strengthen family ties, implement integration programs and improve psychological care to reduce the emotional impact of abandonment in this vulnerable group.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ruth Elizabeth Calderón Landívar , Evelyng Adriana Guanuchi Mestanza , Roger Sebastian Gonzalez Sanchez , Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Maternal knowledge of child malnutrition at the John F. Kennedy Educational Unit, Santo Domingo, 2024
The objective of this research was to determine the level of maternal knowledge about child malnutrition in the Unidad Educativa John F. Kennedy, Santo Domingo, 2024. This project was applied on a quantitative approach and its design was non-experimental, which allowed the application of a form that provided valuable information on the objective presented. A total of 102 mothers with children enrolled in the aforementioned educational institution were taken as the population sample, the instrument used in this work was the test of knowledge about healthy eating. The most relevant results showed a low level of maternal knowledge about child malnutrition with 71.6%, presenting a satisfactory level in two dimensions corresponding to general knowledge (57.8%) and food selection (65.7%), but an unsatisfactory level in the other dimensions referring to preparation (79.4%), consumption (95.1%) and impact of feeding (56.9%). In summary, mothers have shown a low level of knowledge regarding the subject of this research, with a satisfactory level in only two of the five dimensions of the instrument applied.
Copyright (c) 2024 Osvar Arley Casas Portilla , Jessika Katerine López Reyes , Bryan Josué Valverde Vera , Miguel Ángel Enríquez Jácome , Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Maternal knowledge and feeding practices in the prevention of child malnutrition: an analysis based on Nola Pender's theory
The research focused on analysing child malnutrition from the perspective of Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model, which was geared towards disease prevention and the promotion of healthy lifestyles. This model made it possible to understand that health was a dynamic process influenced by biological, social, cultural and environmental factors and that, in the case of children, malnutrition was a complex problem with multiple determinants. The presentation highlighted that child malnutrition could occur in acute and chronic forms, associated with both caloric and protein deficiencies, with serious consequences for children's growth, cognitive development and school performance. It also showed that poverty, social inequalities, lack of food education and limited maternal knowledge were the main risk factors. From this perspective, the Pender Model provided a theoretical framework to guide preventive actions that promote health care and encourage appropriate feeding practices. Finally, it was concluded that the role of mothers was decisive in preventing malnutrition, as their knowledge directly influenced the selection, preparation and frequency of food provided to children. It was also highlighted that health education, access to basic resources and professional support were essential elements in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition and ensuring full development in childhood.
Quality of eating habits in older adults at the MIES Gerontology Center, Santo Domingo, 2024
The quality of the eating habits of older people is very important to maintain their health and prevent diseases, minimizing the risks of complications during aging. This research aims to determine the quality of the eating habits of older people at the MIES Gerontological Center, Santo Domingo 2024. Methodologically, it was developed through a quantitative approach as a descriptive and transversal field research, with a fundamental purpose. The sample was made up of 100 older adults, to whom a polytomous tool was used, which produces a measurement scale and, after being applied, the results obtained show that only 24% of older adults have good eating habits. while 76% have bad eating habits.Quality eating habits. In the classification of bad eating habits, 36% corresponds to good quality and 64% to poor quality of eating habits. Furthermore, when evaluating the general quality of diet, it was found that only 13% of older adults have a good quality diet, compared to 87% who have a poor quality diet. These results highlight the significant prevalence of poor eating habits and poor diet quality in this population. In general, the eating habits of older adults present some deficiencies. There is often a low intake of essential foods such as dairy products, meat, fruits and vegetables, and a high intake of fats. It is important to implement corrective measures to improve the quality of the diet, ensuring adequate intake of essential nutrients to maintain your health and well-being.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jennifer Lizcano Ramírez, Sebastián Isaac Peralta Hurtado, Katherine Suley Zambrano Alvear, Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Risk assessment for developing type II diabetes among residents of the Libertad del Toachi neighbourhood, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas
The study evaluated the risk of developing type II diabetes mellitus in the inhabitants of Libertad del Toachi, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, in 2024. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design, applying the Findrisk test to a sample of 95 people selected by non-probabilistic sampling. The results indicated that 28% of the participants had a high risk of developing diabetes in the next two years. In particular, men showed a higher risk (15.2%) compared to women (11%), the analysis also revealed that 47.4% of the population studied suffered from obesity, a determining factor in the increased risk of type II diabetes mellitus. Although women reported greater participation in physical activity and more frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables, these behaviors were not sufficient to significantly reduce the risk of developing the disease, I know concluded that, despite individual efforts to improve lifestyle habits, a considerable risk of diabetes persists in the community, especially among men and people with obesity. This finding underscored the urgent need to implement prevention and control programs in the community, focused on promoting healthy eating and increasing physical activity. These programs would be crucial to reduce the incidence of type II diabetes mellitus in this vulnerable population.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ruth Elizabeth Calderón Landívar , Patricia Verónica Aroca García, Sady Dayanara Villota Montenegro , Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Level of knowledge about handwashing for disease prevention among sixth and seventh grade students at CADE, Santo Domingo
Handwashing is a fundamental practice for preventing infectious diseases, especially among school-age children. This research aims to assess the level of knowledge about handwashing among sixth- and seventh-grade students at CADE, Santo Domingo, in 2024. A quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted. The population consisted of students from the Unidad Educativa Adventista del Ecuador (UEPA CADE), from which a representative sample of 55 students was selected through simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument. The results showed that although most students recognize the importance of handwashing, there are deficiencies in the proper technique and recommended frequency. It is concluded that educational strategies need to be reinforced to improve knowledge and practice of handwashing among this population to reduce the risk of diseases.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jennifer Lizcano Ramírez , Elena Melissa Alava Montes , Griselda Esmeralda Vera Matute , Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory in the comprehensive management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
The study examined type 2 diabetes mellitus from the perspective of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory and described how this approach guided nursing practice and research. It explained that self-care was a learned process that sustained life and well-being; when the subject did not meet their self-care demands, a deficit developed that required total or partial compensatory nursing systems and educational support. She reviewed the pathophysiology, noting that hyperglycaemia resulted from peripheral insulin resistance and progressive beta cell dysfunction, which predisposed individuals to chronic complications. He identified common signs and symptoms, classified the disease (type 1, type 2, and gestational), and specified modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, highlighting the role of overweight, poor diet, and sedentary lifestyle. He described how diagnosis was based on tests such as HbA1c and FPG, and how treatment combined lifestyle modifications with stepwise pharmacological therapies, usually starting with metformin and, depending on the response, insulin analogues or incretin drugs and SGLT-2 inhibitors. He noted that prevention was based on health education, a low glycaemic index diet and regular physical activity. Finally, he developed nursing care focused on education, continuous monitoring, early detection of complications and addressing social determinants, concluding that the Orem model strengthened patient autonomy and optimised clinical and community outcomes.
Nurses’ Knowledge Toward Preventing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Intensive Care Units
Background: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs) are a major source of preventable harm in ICUs, leading to increased mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. ICU nurses are the frontline defenders against these infections, and their knowledge is a critical determinant of prevention success. However, studies consistently show gaps in nurses' understanding of evidence-based guidelines. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 101 ICU nurses from multiple hospitals. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of CLABSI prevention practices based on CDC guidelines. Knowledge was evaluated via 10 yes/no questions, and a total score was calculated. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (t-tests, ANOVA) with SPSS version 26.0. Results: The study revealed a moderate overall level of knowledge. Significant knowledge gaps were identified in fundamental daily care practices: only 46.5% knew not to change dressings routinely, 45.5% knew to use a sterile dressing, and a critical low of 35.6% knew the correct protocol for replacing administration sets for continuous fluids. Statistically significant associations were found between knowledge scores and sex (p=0.035), hospital type (p=0.001), and a trend with education level (p=0.068). Prior training did not significantly impact scores (p=0.416). Conclusion: While ICU nurses possess foundational knowledge, significant and dangerous gaps persist in key areas of catheter maintenance. These findings underscore an urgent need for targeted, hands-on, and recurrent educational interventions focused on daily maintenance protocols to improve adherence to guidelines and enhance patient safety.
Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection
Copyright (c) 2025 Feras Tomazeh, Majd Mustafa Issa, Aseel Yasser AL-Atrash, Hadeel Muhammad Greeab, Atheer Muhammad Tous, Muhammad Areef Maree (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Nursing in robotic surgery: adapting skills and new roles
Introduction: Robotic surgery has experienced exponential growth in recent decades, with the Da Vinci surgical system being the most widely used. Therefore, we sought to analyze the functions of the surgical nurse in robotic surgery, as well as the competencies and roles required for its application. Method: A literature review study analyzed articles obtained from indexed sources such as SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, CINAHL, and LATINDEX. Using keywords with Boolean operators, these were recorded in Excel for analysis using the CASPe method. Development: The effective incorporation of nursing programs in robotic surgery has shown a positive impact on various healthcare quality indicators. The specialized literature points to a decrease of nearly 30% in intraoperative complications when interventions are assisted by nursing teams with specific training in robotic technology. Conclusion: The coordination of nursing in Da Vinci robotic surgery highlights the importance of transforming traditional roles into highly specialized profiles. These new roles, such as the specialized circulating nurse and the robotic scrub nurse, require not only advanced technical knowledge but also communication and coordination skills within a complex surgical environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Evelyn Lisbeth Zambrano Moreira , Paola Cecibel Angulo Vera, Silvia Gabriela Villaprado Vélez , Landy María Carreño Navia , Franklin Antonio Vite Solorzano , Daniel Fabricio Alarcón Cano (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a pediatric patient. A case report from Bolivia.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a distinctive neoplasm with limited metastatic potential. It is a rare disease in pediatrics, generally benign, although with possible progression to malignancy. We present the case of a 6-year-old female patient referred from a second-level hospital due to a clinical picture of large abdominal distension and a palpable abdominal mass. On admission, the patient presented slightly pale, hydrated mucous membranes, complained of abdominal discomfort, a distended abdomen, tender to superficial and deep palpation, with no peritoneal irritation. A giant abdominal mass was palpated occupying all quadrants of the abdomen, of hard consistency, tender to deep palpation, and hypoactive air sounds (AAR). An abdominal ultrasound was performed, which reported a retroperitoneal tumor lesion. Based on this finding, an abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast was indicated, with the finding of a heterogeneous retroperitoneal tumor lesion likely related to neuroblastoma. Based on all the findings, the patient was admitted to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy and open biopsy. Transoperatively, a giant abdominal mass was revealed. Histopathological findings were consistent with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. The diagnosis was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. A comprehensive multidisciplinary evaluation was performed, and surgical intervention was initiated, with favorable outcomes. From a therapeutic perspective, complete surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, as it was in our clinical case, especially in localized and resectable lesions, as it is associated with a lower risk of recurrence. This clinical case highlights the inherent complexity of addressing IMT in pediatric patients, reinforcing the need for close collaboration between pediatricians, surgeons, imaging specialists, pathologists, and oncologists. Furthermore, due to the rarity of the disease in the pediatric population, further research and collective experience are needed to improve our understanding of IMT and refine treatment strategies for these cases.
Copyright (c) 2025 Giovanni Callizaya Macedo, Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santivañez, Ingrid Neysa Cabezas-Soliz, Martin Felix Fernando Alarcón Caba, María Angela Murillo Alcázar, Mayra Estephany Atila Lujá, Ritdber Alfredo Quispe Sarmiento, Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Didactic strategies for meaningful learning in the Nursing Program: a systematic review
Didactic strategies are a set of planned actions carried out by the teacher to achieve the learning objectives. This study focused on conducting a review aimed at analyzing the didactic strategies used to foster meaningful learning in nursing education. Its goal was to identify best practices and emerging trends, offering educators and pedagogy professionals a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective on how to facilitate deeper and more meaningful learning in higher education. An exploratory systematic review of the existing literature was conducted, analyzing and synthesizing research by various authors on the subject. The search was directed toward bibliographic databases and reliable academic sources such as Web of Science, Dialnet, Elsevier, SciELO, Scopus, Latindex, Redalyc, and Google Scholar. The study concludes that most students employ meaningful learning strategies. Positive trends were observed in approaches related to constructivist models, including: active learning, student-centered teaching, collaborative learning, information technology, research- or project-based learning, and concept mapping. These strategies enable students to express their opinions and develop critical thinking while reclaiming autonomy. Moreover, reflecting on their own learning and identifying areas of confusion promotes a deeper understanding of the subject matter.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cristhian Israel Castaño Saltos , Sanny Aranda Carnosa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Total family risk in families with children under 5 years old in a vulnerable area of North Lima
Family risk is one of the probabilities in which adverse situations can occur within the family that can be witnessed during a family assessment, therefore, the research objective is to determine the total family risk of families with children under 5 years of age in a vulnerable area of ​​North Lima. It is a quantitative, descriptive-cross-sectional study, with a total population made up of 140 heads of households with children under 5 years of age who answered a questionnaire of sociodemographic aspects and the total family risk instrument. In the results, it can be observed that 62.9% (n = 88) of the heads of households have a family at low risk, 27.1% (n = 38) have threatened families and 10% (n = 14) have families at high risk. In conclusion, strengthening health professionals in terms of extramural work is very important because it allows them to identify if there is any risk that compromises the family, especially the infant, and to act accordingly.
Copyright (c) 2022 Jorge Arturo Zapana-Ruiz, Susan Gutiérrez-Rodríguez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Didactic approach to social determinants in medical sciences degree programs
Introduction: In Higher Education, the teaching process is developed to meet the demands that society places on professional training. Didactics have a scientific nature, supported by philosophical, sociological, epistemological, and psychological positions, allowing for the approach to the Social Determinants of Health, which require systemic understanding and innovative solutions. The objective of this study was to justify the didactic approach to the Social Determinants of Health in medical science degree programs. Methods: A qualitative research was carried out where theoretical and empirical methods were used to obtain information. Results: Didactics are developed throughout the teaching-learning process and systematically address the social development of new generations. It enables students to develop a Health Situation Analysis, systematically addressing the population distribution of opportunities for a healthy life, capturing social inequalities in health and identifying mechanisms that produce inequity, informing public policy decisions and evaluating the impact of population interventions, taking a stand for health equity and social justice, and critically examining everyday paradigms and practices. Conclusions: Didactics, social determinants of health, analysis of the health situation.
Mercedes de la Caridad Álvarez Figueredo
Copyright (c) 2025 Yahima Díaz González , Vivian de las Mercedes Noriega Bravo , Dehymelín Romero Fonte , Aliana Peña Méndez , Mercedes de la Caridad Álvarez Figueredo, Yohanna Basil Muñoz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The role of nursing in promoting autonomy and independence among older adults in healthcare
The objective of this study was to determine if nursing staff promote what was mentioned in article 7 which deals with the right to autonomy and Independence, of the Inter- American Convention on the protection of the rights of older adults. This was done through the method of direct observation and interview with the staff of the elderly service of the Rio Grande Regional Hospital during the months of November/December of the current year. The results showed that the staff does promote the exercise of such right and has current information about it, the main obstacle was the absence of family support to encourage the improvement of the elderly. It is also striking that, despite the objectives of the aforementioned convention, the current governments are not involved in the service due to the shortage of professionals dedicated to this task and the lack of resources for their assistance.
Copyright (c) 2023 Sheila Betiana Giselle De Mari Barros, María Lorena Díaz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Nursing care in the mental health of individuals living in a vulnerable area of North Lima
La salud mental durante la pandemia del COVID-19 ha sido uno de los mayores impactos negativos que a tenido la poblaciona nivel mundial, dadto que los hace má suceptibles a presentar trasntornos mentales producto de ello, por lo que, el objetivo de investigación es determinar la salud mental de personas que residen en una zona vulnerable de Lima Norte. Es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo-trasnversal, con una población de 306 participantes que respondieron un cuestionario de aspectos sociodemográficos y la escala de depresion, ansiedad y estrés. En los resultados observamos que, el 30,7% presentan una depresion extremadamente severa, 8,8% depresion severa, 19,3% depresion moderada, 12,4% depresion leve y 28,8% depresion normal. En conclusión, se debe tomar medidas que permitan realizar atencion a la salud mental en personas vulnerables.
Copyright (c) 2023 Victor Cornejo-Aparicio, Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez, Rita Liss Ramos Perez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Nursing care in hypertensive patients with cardiovascular risk attending a primary care facility in North Lima
Cardiovascular risks are a consequence of high blood pressure in individuals with high blood pressure, but if not adequately controlled, these risks can increase. Therefore, the research objective is to determine the nursing care provided to hypertensive patients with cardiovascular risk who attend a primary care facility in North Lima. This is a quantitative, descriptive-cross-sectional study with a population of 265 participants who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and a cardiovascular risk calculator. The results show that 4.2% have a very high cardiovascular risk, 10.9% have a high cardiovascular risk, 37.4% have a moderate cardiovascular risk, and 47.5% have a very low cardiovascular risk. In conclusion, people with high blood pressure should be educated about the risks that the disease can generate and how to minimize the risks that can affect their health.
Copyright (c) 2023 David Hugo Bernedo-Moreira, Alfredo Giovanni Lazo-Barreda, Paul Espiritu-Martinez, Juan Richar Villacorta Guzmán, Ariel Sosa Remón (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0